FREON
The refrigerant Freon R12 is used in most BMW automobiles with an air
conditioner up through the 1992
model year. It has a boiling point of - 29.8ºC (sea level), at which the
refrigerant is t
OIL USED IN FREON-CHARGED SYSTEMS
A mineral-based oil is used. The oil level in the compressor must be checked
before filling an air conditioner
with refrigerant. It can be checked only if the system
A musty odor may be detected in the vehicle, particularly when the air
conditioner is first switched on.
This is caused by microorganisms growing on the evaporator from moisture
condensation.
A di
Engine adaptation values can be broken down into two categories:
Additive Mixture Adaptation - additive adaptation refers to "long term
fuel trim". These adaptation are
made by the ECM (DME) at idle during "closed loop" fuel control. These
values are measured in
milliseconds and are expresse